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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Cottrell equation ： ウィキペディア英語版 Cottrell equation In electrochemistry, the Cottrell equation describes the change in electric current with respect to time in a controlled potential experiment, such as chronoamperometry. Specifically it describes the current response when the potential is a step function. It was derived by Frederick Gardner Cottrell in 1903.〔F.G. Cottrell, Z. Phys. Chem. 42 (1903), p. 385.〕 For a simple redox event, such as the ferrocene/ferrocenium couple, the current measured depends on the rate at which the analyte diffuses to the electrode. That is, the current is said to be "diffusion controlled." The Cottrell equation describes the case for an electrode that is planar but can also be derived for spherical, cylindrical, and rectangular geometries by using the corresponding laplace operator and boundary conditions in conjunction with Fick's second law of diffusion.〔Bard, A. J.; Faulkner, L. R. “Electrochemical Methods. Fundamentals and Applications” 2nd Ed. Wiley, New York. 2001. ISBN 0-471-04372-9〕 :$i\; =\; \backslash frac\; \backslash sqrt\{\backslash sqrt\{\backslash pi\; t\}\}$ where, :i = current, in unit A :n = number of electrons (to reduce/oxidize one molecule of analyte j, for example) :F = Faraday constant, 96,485 C/mol :A = area of the (planar) electrode in cm2 :cj0 = initial concentration of the reducible analyte j in mol/cm3; :Dj = diffusion coefficient for species j in cm2/s :t = time in s. Deviations from linearity in the plot of i vs t−1/2 sometimes indicate that the redox event is associated with other processes, such as association of a ligand, dissociation of a ligand, or a change in geometry. In practice, the Cottrell equation simplifies to :''i'' = kt−1/2, where k is the collection of constants for a given system (n, F, A, cj0, Dj). Furthermore, (scan rate)1/2 is used in place of t−1/2. Typical scan rates are in the range 20 to 2000 mV/s. The ratio ip/(scan rate)1/2, where ip is the peak current, is sometimes referred to as the "current function." == See also == * Voltammetry * Electroanalytical methods * Limiting current 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cottrell equation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.